Coding

  

CODING:

The set of instruction set which communicates with computer hardware to generate logical input or output is coding. It is broadly defined as programming. There are basically two kinds of programming. 1. Software 2. Device or Hardware

There are several key programming languages like 

•       Python

Python is programming essential as arrival of TensorFlow and wide range for selection of libraries. it is widely accepted by data scientist and machine learning programmers.

•       Perl

Perl is Powerful, stable, portable, and mature, Perl is one of the most feature-rich programming languages with over three decades of development. Perl is portable and cross-platform. Currently, Perl can run on over 100 platforms. Perl is good for both mission-critical large-scale projects and rapid prototyping. It is used for a variety of purpose including web development, GUI development, system administration and many more. For web development, Perl CGI is used. CGI is the gateway which interacts with the web browser and Perl in a system. It supports most of the operating systems and is listed in Oxford English dictionary. Its concepts and syntax are taken from many languages like awk, bourne shell, C, sed and even English. Perl is an interpreted language. When a Perl program run, it is first compiled into a byte code, then it is converted into machine instructions. So, writing something in Perl instead of C saves your time. 

•       Java

It is easy-to-use programming language that furnishes basic debugging processes, graphical representation of data, huge package services, better user interaction, and work simplification in large projects. Java is viewed as a safe language because of its utilization of bytecode and sandboxes.

•       C++

It so one of the oldest programming languages. This language provides coding with data integrity and security. This language provides wide scope for programming with classes, like Public, Private and Protected. And data security with function like Data Encryption and Encapsulation. It facilitates Object Oriented Programming (OOP). C++ can help make quick and well-coded algorithms. 

•       CSS

CSS or Cascading Style Sheets is known as a programming language that simplifies the process of transforming the look of web pages. It manages the looks and feels of a web page for retaining customer engagement, especially for the retail industry. Developers can control text colors, sizes, fonts, spaces, background, and many more, according to different devices

        •     R

R is meant for high-level statistics and data visualization. For any individual who needs to comprehend the mathematical computations associated with machine learning or insights, this is the best programming language for you. 

FPGA & ASIC: 

With this we have hardware programming languages like HDL (Hardware Description Language), VHDL, VERILOG and System Verilog. They include a means of describing propagation time and signal strengths. VHDL and Verilog implement registertransfer-level (RTL) abstractions. It Provides higher level of abstraction with RTL simulators. System Verilog was developed to provide an evolutionary path from VHDL and Verilog to support the complexities of SoC designs. It’s a bit of a hybrid— the language combines HDLs and a hardware verification language using extensions to Verilog, plus it takes an object-oriented programming approach. System Verilog includes capabilities for testbench development and assertion-based formal verification. VHDL is based on Ada programming language and is dedicated for Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC), started as a modeling of digital and analog signal circuits. FPGA and ASIC has applications specific hardware and so there may be number of different hardware programing languages.

In VLSI system we have different types hardware like microprocessor, Microcontroller, CPU, RAM, ROM and SoC etc. These products are identical in their nature with its system architecture, capacity, functionality, properties etc. The chips are coming with their vendor programmer like Intel, Xilinx, Cadence, Siemens, etc.

 

Firmware:

Firmware or device programing has very large scope in embedded system. Where embedded system has very wide field with range of products & their application for development. Generally, C and C++ language is used for firmware programming. if we have hardware as circuit, Web App, Mobile App as software and if we are using microcontroller or processor in an electronic circuit, is firmware.